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Category: Project Material

EVALUATION OF SEDIMENT OF OKPARA RIVER USING DIFFERENT POLLUTION AGENTS

ABSTRACT/DESCRIPTION


This project work was carried out to evaluate sediments of Okpara River using different pollution agents. The Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the effect of petroleum products on the chemical parameters (heavy metals) of sediment samples are shown in Tables 4.1. Table 4.1 revealed that petroleum products had significant effect (p =0.05) effect on the nickel and cadmium concentrations of the sediment samples. Additionally, Figure 4.1 and Figure 4.2present the mean concentrations of nickel and cadmium in the sediment samples. As seen in the results, the concentrations of the nickel and cadmium in the river sediments were significantly higher than the control location. At Location A, it was observed that nickel concentration was 6.38 mg/kg of dry sediment and the cadmium concentration was 6.38 mg/kg of dry sediment; at Location B, the sediment had nickel and cadmium concentrations of 5.44mg/kg of dry sediment and 0.12 mg/kg of dry sediment, respectively. Then at Location C, the nickel and cadmium concentrations were 5.92 mg/kg of dry sediment and 1.36 mg/kg of dry sediment, respectively; while Location D had nickel concentration of 7.87 mg/kg of dry sediment, and cadmium concentration of 0.34 mg/kg of dry sediment. Likewise, the Control location had nickel concentration of 4.27mg/kg of dry sediment, and cadmium concentration of 0.28 mg/kg of dry sediment. Although the heavy metals concentrations in the sediment samples were significantly higher, they were generally within the WHO recommended limits. WHO recommended maximum limit of 35 mg/kg of dry sediment for nickel, and 0.8 mg/kg of dry sediment for lead, in wetland sediments. In addition, the findings of this study revealed that the levels at all the sampled Locations, apart from sampling location C, were below the Canadian, Dutch and German and Nigeria Industrial Standard guidelines.

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